CAMBRIDGE  —  American foreign policy tends to oscillate between inward and outward orientations. President George W. Bush was an interventionist; his successor, Barack Obama, less so. And Donald Trump was mostly non-interventionist.

CAMBRIDGE — Friends and allies have come to distrust the United States. Trust is closely related to truth, and President Donald Trump is notoriously loose with the truth. All presidents have lied, but never on such a scale that it debases the currency of trust.

CAMBRIDGE — There is no single future until it happens, and any effort to envision geopolitics in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic must include a range of possible futures.

CAMBRIDGE — Donald Trump may have despised international institutions, but his presidency has reminded the world of the importance of effective and resilient ones.

CAMBRIDGE — As the United States enters the home stretch of the 2020 presidential election campaign, and with neither party’s nominating convention featuring much discussion of foreign policy, the contest between President Donald Trump and Joe Biden apparently will be waged mainl

CAMBRIDGE — Brent Scowcroft, who died on August 6, aged 95, was the model of a modern lieutenant-general.

CAMBRIDGE — Since 2017, America’s National Security Strategy has focused on great power competition, and today much of Washington is busy portraying our relationship with China as a new cold war.

CAMBRIDGE — In my recent study of 14 presidents since 1945, “Do Morals Matter”, I found that Americans want a moral foreign policy, but have been torn over what that means.

CAMBRIDGE — Whether or not a conflict spirals out of control depends on the ability to understand and communicate about the scale of hostility. Unfortunately, when it comes to cyber conflict, there is no agreement on scale or how it relates to traditional military measures.