‘Ukraine crisis not seen hurting Iran nuclear talks’

VIENNA — Iran and six world powers sought on Tuesday to make headway towards resolving their decade-old nuclear dispute, with Western officials expressing hope talks would not be further complicated by the Ukraine crisis.

So far, diplomats said, there is little sign that the worst East-West confrontation since the Cold War would undermine the quest for a deal over Iran’s atomic activity and avert the threat of a Middle East war.

The March 18-19 meeting between Iran and the powers — the United States, Russia, China, France, Britain and Germany — began a day after Washington and the European Union imposed sanctions on Russian officials over events in Crimea.

“I haven’t seen any negative effect,” Michael Mann, a spokesman for EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton who coordinates the talks on behalf of the six nations, told reporters. “We continue our work in a unified fashion”.

Last week, a senior US official expressed the hope that the escalating crisis would not harm attempts to secure a nuclear deal with Tehran.

But that unity among the powers on Iran may still be tested in the meeting of their chief negotiators on the issue in the Austrian capital Vienna, with the four Western states and Russia at loggerheads over the future of Ukraine.

Russia and the West have in the past differed on how best to deal with Iran, with Moscow generally enjoying warmer ties with the Islamic republic and suggesting Western fears about any nuclear military aims by Tehran are overblown.

The United States and European Union have imposed sanctions including asset freezes and travel bans on some senior Russian and Ukrainian officials after Crimea applied to join Russia on Monday following a secession referendum.

As in previous meetings, Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov represented Russia at the talks which are likely to end late on Wednesday.

Despite a concerted push to end the decade-old nuclear dispute after a relative moderate, Hassan Rouhani, was elected president last year on a platform to end Iran’s international isolation, big power divisions have re-emerged.

Russia and China only reluctantly supported four rounds of UN sanctions against Iran over its nuclear programme between 2006 and 2010, and condemned subsequent US and European sanctions that targeted the country’s lifeline oil exports.

Iranian media said Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif had cancelled a customary pre-talks dinner with Ashton on Monday evening. The official IRNA news agency said it was because of Ashton’s “undiplomatic” behaviour, an apparent reference to her meeting Iranian human rights activists during her first visit to Tehran 10 days ago.

US senators outline ‘core principles’ for Iran deal

Iran has long denied accusations from Western powers and Israel that it has sought to develop the capability to produce atomic weapons under the cover of its declared civilian nuclear energy programme.

In November, Iran and the six powers struck an interim deal under which Tehran has since shelved higher-grade uranium enrichment — a potential path to atomic bombs — and obtained modest relief from punitive economic sanctions in return.

That six-month pact was designed to buy time for hammering out a final settlement by a July deadline, under which the West wants Iran to significantly scale back its nuclear programme to deny it the capability to devise a nuclear weapon any time soon.

Zarif, who leads Tehran’s delegation, said he expects a trickier round of talks this week than the previous meeting in mid-February as the two sides try to iron out details such as Iran’s Arak heavy water reactor and levels of uranium enrichment.

“Today, enrichment was the main subject and tomorrow Arak will be discussed,” a member of the Iranian delegation told Reuters.

Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has granted the Iranian nuclear team “carte blanche” to provide guarantees to the West that the country’s nuclear programme is peaceful, said a senior Iranian official who asked not to be named.

“But the red line is closure of any nuclear site and stopping enrichment,” the official said. “The talks are becoming more and more difficult because hardliners in Iran are watching any outcome very closely.”

He was alluding to powerful conservatives in Iran’s security and clerical establishments deeply suspicious of Rouhani’s diplomatic opening to the West.

In Washington, a bi-partisan group of 83 US senators — a vast majority of the US legislature’s 100-member upper house — wrote to President Barack Obama on Tuesday, outlining necessary “core principles” for a final agreement with Tehran.

The letter says Iran should abandon the Arak reactor and its Fordow enrichment plant, though it does not mention the much larger underground uranium enrichment facility at Natanz.

The senators also say Iran should not be allowed to circumvent sanctions during the negotiations and urges the administration to deal with sanctions violators harshly.

“Most importantly, Iran must clearly understand the consequences of failing to reach an acceptable final agreement,” the senators told Obama.

“We must signal unequivocally to Iran that rejecting negotiations and continuing its nuclear weapon programme will lead to much more dramatic sanctions, including further limitations on Iran’s exports of crude oil and petroleum products.”

The letter was spearheaded by Democratic senators Robert Menendez, Charles Schumer and Christopher Coons, and Republicans Lindsey Graham, Mark Kirk and Kelly Ayotte. The letter was sent out by the office of Menendez, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.