Iran seeks assurances as nuclear talks resume

VIENNA — Iran said nuclear talks that resumed in Vienna on Monday should focus on lifting sanctions on the Islamic republic and "guarantees" that the US will return to the fold.

Negotiations to salvage the 2015 Iran nuclear deal restarted in late November, after a five-month hiatus following the election of ultraconservative Iran President Ebrahim Raisi.

The talks seek to bring back the United States, after it withdrew from the accord in 2018 under then president Donald Trump and began imposing sanctions on Iran.

Iran has reported progress in the talks, but European diplomats have warned they are "rapidly reaching the end of the road".

US negotiator Rob Malley has said there are only "weeks" left to revive the deal, if Iran continues its current pace of nuclear activities.

"The 8th round of the Vienna Talks just started," Alain Matton, spokesman for the EU, which is chairing the discussions, wrote on Twitter.

Ahead of the resumption, Iran's Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian said the agenda on Monday should be "the issue of guarantees and verification" on the lifting of US sanctions if Washington returns to the accord.

"The most important thing for us is to reach a point where we can verify that Iranian oil will be sold easily and without any limits, that the money for this oil will be transferred in foreign currency to Iranian bank accounts, and that we will be able to benefit from all the revenues," he said, quoted on Monday by state news agency IRNA.

The opening of the eighth round of the talks involves delegations from Iran and the other countries that remain party to the landmark accord — Britain, China, France, Germany and Russia.

Washington is participating indirectly with diplomats shuttling back and forth between the Iranian and the US sides.

The nuclear deal reached in 2015 offered Iran a lifting of economic sanctions in return for strict curbs on its nuclear activities.

The goal was to make it practically impossible for Iran to build an atomic bomb, while allowing it to pursue a civilian nuclear programme.

But the deal started to unravel in 2018 when the Trump administration pulled out and began imposing sanctions on the Islamic republic.

US President Joe Biden has said he is willing to return to the deal as long as Iran also resumes the original terms.

Iran, which denies it wants to acquire a nuclear arsenal, has gradually abandoned its commitments to the accord since 2019, including by stepping up its enrichment of uranium.

‘Positive message’ 

The UN’s nuclear watchdog, the International Atomic Energy Agency, recently expressed concerns over Iran’s growing stockpile of highly-enriched uranium.

Iran’s arch-rival Israel, which staunchly opposes the nuclear deal, had reportedly warned in November that the Islamic republic had taken the technical steps to prepare to enrich uranium to military-grade levels of around 90 per cent.

“Stopping Iran’s nuclear programme is the primary challenge for Israeli foreign and security policy,” Israel’s Foreign Minister Yair Lapid said on Monday.

“We prefer to act through international cooperation, but if necessary, we will defend ourselves, by ourselves.”

On Saturday, Atomic Energy Organisation of Iran director Mohammad Eslami said Tehran has no plans to enrich uranium beyond 60 per cent, even if the Vienna talks fail.

Eslami said the enrichment levels were related to the needs of the country, in remarks published by the Russian news agency RIA Novosti.

Moscow’s ambassador to the UN in Vienna, Mikhail Ulyanov, welcomed that statement on Twitter, calling it “a positive message”.

In a tweet on Monday, Ulyanov said delegations from China, Iran and Russia met in the morning “to compare notes” before the talks start.

He said he also met EU coordinator Enrique Mora, the two discussing “possible ways ahead at presumably final round of negotiations”.

“We advise all the participants in the negotiations to come to Vienna with the will to obtain a good agreement,” Iran’s Foreign Affairs spokesman Saeed Khatibzadeh said on Monday.